Chemistry

Fun with chemistry: Solubility (updated April 2025)

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Two bottles of beige coloured liquid - toner. The one in the right has precipitate at the bottom

Solubility is a pretty important part of making bath & body products, but we don’t talk about it much. In essence, solubility is the ability of a solid, liquid, or gas (the solute) to dissolve in a liquid solvent to create a homogeneous solution (homogenous meaning a mixture that shows no variation in properties, like...

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Chemistry: Covalent bonding, polarity, and polyatomic ions (part 10)

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Welcome to part ten of this series on learning chemistry! In part one, we looked at the resources and materials we need to study chemistry. In part two, we learned the parts of an atom – protons, neutrons, and electrons! In part three, we learned about ions and valence shells. In part four, we learned...

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Chemistry: More on ionic bonding and balancing electrons (part nine)

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Chemistry: More on ionic bonding and balancing electrons (part nine) Welcome to part nine of this series on learning chemistry! In part one, we looked at the resources and materials we need to study chemistry. In part two, we learned the parts of an atom – protons, neutrons, and electrons! In part three, we learned...

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Chemistry: Electronegativity & ionic bonds (part eight)

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Welcome to part eight of this series on learning chemistry! In part one, we looked at the resources and materials we need to study chemistry. In part two, we learned the parts of an atom – protons, neutrons, and electrons! In part three, we learned about ions and valence shells. In part four, we learned...

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Polyphenols: Anthocyanidins & anthocyanins – hydrophilic flavonoids!

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A four panel collage of anthocyanidins and anthocyanins represented by liquid extracts of blueberry, black currant, and cranberry.

We find these polyphenols in all kinds of botanical extracts, like bilberry, cranberry, blueberry, black currant, and anything that has a lovely red-purple colour in acidic products. Anthocyanidins!  Anthocyanidins are naturally hydrophilic or water loving flavonoids that give the extracts its gorgeous colour and anti-oxidizing and free radical scavenging properties. They work as anti-microbials, anti-inflammatories,...

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